What Does Elevated PSA Mean?
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests are a diagnostic assessment used to screen for prostate-related conditions, such as cancer. Produced by the prostate gland, PSA is primarily found in semen but may also be present in blood and observed at higher levels when prostate abnormalities exist. Elevated PSA test results may indicate the presence of prostate cancer and can play a significant role in the monitoring of cancer status or in post-surgical evaluations for detecting cancer recurrence.
As leading board-certified urologists in Jacksonville, FL, Drs. Ahmad and Ali Kasraeian take an advanced, personalized approach to assessing prostate health and PSA levels. When elevated PSA levels are detected, our seasoned experts offer state-of-the-art diagnostic services for further investigating prostate conditions and determining the ideal treatment options to meet your needs. For more on elevated PSA, please contact Kasraeian Urology to schedule a confidential consultation.
What Are the Causes of Elevated PSA?
PSA status is obtained through a simple blood test performed at our Jacksonville, FL office. Elevated PSA levels may indicate the presence of several prostate-related conditions. Though PSA tests are commonly used to initially screen for prostate cancer, risk factors and causes of elevated PSA may include:
- Age
- Prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate)
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia (enlargement of the prostate)
- Increased levels of parathyroid hormone
- Surgical procedures around the groin
- Urinary tract infections
- Prostate trauma
- Recent ejaculation
- Prostate cancer
Schedule an appointment with our office to answer any questions you may have.
What Are the Symptoms of Elevated PSA?
Typical initial symptoms that may indicate elevated PSA levels include trouble urinating or weak urination, pain in the stomach or pelvic areas, and/or a frequent urge to urinate. If elevated PSA is caused by a urinary tract infection (UTI), symptoms may include cloudy urine that is foul-smelling, lower back pain, and lower abdominal pain. Additional symptoms of elevated PSA may entail bloody semen or urine, pain during urination or ejaculation, and pain during a bowel movement.
What Are the Risk Factors for Elevated PSA?
Elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels can be influenced by age, with men over 50 more likely to experience higher levels. Conditions such as prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and prostate cancer are significant contributors. Temporary increases can result from urinary tract infections, recent ejaculation, prostate manipulation (e.g., digital rectal exam, catheterization), and vigorous physical activities like cycling. Medications for BPH, such as finasteride or dutasteride, can also affect PSA levels. Additionally, obesity, ethnicity (higher in African American men), and diet (high in dairy and red meat) may impact PSA levels. It's crucial to discuss these factors with a healthcare provider to accurately interpret PSA test results.
What Diagnostic Tests Are Used for Evaluating High PSA?
Most cases of elevated PSA point to benign concerns regarding prostate health. However, our urology team is exceptionally trained in cutting-edge diagnostic techniques for identifying prostate cancer or other abnormalities. When high PSA levels are detected, the following diagnostic tests may be used to gain further insight into your condition and help you make informed decisions about your health:
MRI/US Fusion Biopsy: As an advanced guided biopsy procedure, this diagnostic process combines MRI with ultrasound technology to accurately identify the portion of the prostate that should be biopsied. Multi-parametric MRI fusion significantly enhances precision during prostate biopsy procedures, reduces the risks associated with blind sampling during standard biopsies, and can offer more reliable results in the detection of prostate cancer. Kasraeian Urology was the first practice in the Greater Jacksonville area to offer this highly advanced biopsy technology to patients.
4K Biomarkers: Referred to as a 4K score test, this diagnostic evaluation measures four different prostate-specific proteins in the blood to determine the risk of having a more aggressive type of prostate cancer. We may combine 4K biomarker tests with other assessments to gain an in-depth, accurate idea of your prostate health and reduce the risk of unnecessary biopsies.
ExoDx Prostate Test: This exosome-based assessment is a non-invasive urine test administered to help determine if a prostate biopsy should be performed. The ExoDx Prostate Test measures cancer-related genome biomarkers in urine. By analyzing the results of this simple assessment, our urologists can calculate the risk of more aggressive forms of prostate cancer in patients. Exosome-based evaluations might be recommended when tests reveal high or increasing PSA levels, a digital rectal exam produces abnormal results, or a genetic predisposition to prostate cancer exists.
Elevated PSA Video
Elevated PSA FAQ
What should I do if my PSA is elevated?
If any abnormal, elevated PSA levels show up on your diagnostic test, our team will help to curate an appropriate treatment plan. You may need to be referred to a specialist or receive additional testing. A prostate biopsy could be required, depending on your levels.
Can a PSA test check for recurring cancer?
A PSA test can be helpful in checking for recurring prostate cancer. If you have already experienced prostate cancer, you may need to undergo regular PSA tests in order to make sure that it has not come back. Your doctor will be able to determine how often these tests should occur at Kasraeian Urology.
When should I talk to my doctor about getting a PSA test?
There are several reasons you may need a PSA test. This could include a family history of prostate cancer, as well as experiencing any known symptoms of high levels of PSA. During a thorough consultation at Kasraeian Urology, our team can evaluate your symptoms to decide if you may need a PSA test.
How reliable is a PSA test for detecting cancer?
While elevated PSA levels can be a red flag for prostate cancer, they are not definitive proof. It's crucial to understand that various factors can cause high PSA levels. A comprehensive approach involving additional diagnostic tests and possibly a biopsy is usually advised for a more accurate diagnosis.
Are there any lifestyle changes that can impact PSA levels?
Yes, certain lifestyle changes, such as adopting a healthy diet, regular exercise, and reducing stress, can sometimes help lower elevated PSA levels. However, it's essential to consult with our team at Kasraeian Urology for a personalized plan suited to your needs.
How does Kasraeian Urology follow up after an elevated PSA result?
We take your elevated PSA levels seriously. After the initial tests, we may employ advanced diagnostic services like MRI/US Fusion Biopsy, 4K Biomarkers, and ExoDx Prostate Tests. Our seasoned experts will ensure you receive the most accurate diagnosis and an appropriate treatment plan to match your condition.
Assess Your Prostate Health
If you or a loved one has elevated PSA and would like a second opinion or if you wish to review your treatment options, schedule an appointment with Kasraeian Urology in Jacksonville, FL. Our skilled, caring urologists also offer telemedicine consultations for added convenience. Insurance may cover a portion of diagnostic procedures, which can help minimize any personal costs for PSA testing or other services.
